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</gourl2><NodeID>25</NodeID><Title>直流发电机</Title><SoftSize>0.00</SoftSize><SoftSizeUnit>B</SoftSizeUnit><SoftSize>0.00</SoftSize><SoftSizeUnit>B</SoftSizeUnit><typeicon>other</typeicon><editor>czwlzx</editor><author>王宗田</author><user>czwlzx</user><userface>/UploadFiles/UserPic/UserAvatars/15219_150_150.jpg</userface><Hits>
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   </Stars><Author>王宗田</Author><infopoint>0</infopoint><Keyword>直流,发电机</Keyword><CopyFrom>本站原创</CopyFrom><SoftType></SoftType><CopyrightType></CopyrightType><DecompressPassword></DecompressPassword><OperatingSystem></OperatingSystem><UpdateTime>2004年12月11日</UpdateTime><RegUrl></RegUrl><DemoUrl /><DefaultPicUrl>/UploadFiles/ckzlzx_UploadFiles_2200/2004121183332734.jpg</DefaultPicUrl><Intro>直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机</Intro><SoftIntro2>直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机的励磁等所需的直流电源。虽然在需要直流电的地方，也用电力整流元件，把交流电变成直流电，但从使用方便、运行的可靠性及某些工作性能方面来看，交流电整流还不能和直流发电机相比。 
　　直流发电机和直流电动机在结构上没有差别。只不过直流发电机是用其他机器带动，使其导体线圈在磁场中转动，不断地切割磁感线，产生感应电动势，把机械能变成电能。直流发电机由静止部分和转动部分组成。静止部分叫定子，它包括机壳和磁极，磁极当然是用来产生磁场的；转动部分叫转子，也称电枢。电枢铁芯呈圆柱状，由硅钢片叠压而成，表面冲有槽，</SoftIntro2><SoftIntro>
    【内容简介】直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机的励磁等所需的直流电源。虽然在需要直流电的地方，也用电力整流元件，把交流电变成直流电，但从使用方便、运行的可靠性及某些工作性能方面来看，交流电整流还不能和直流发电机相比。 
　　直流发电机和直流电动机在结构上没有差别。只不过直流发电机是用其他机器带动，使其导体线圈在磁场中转动，不断地切割磁感线，产生感应电动势，把机械能变成电能。直流发电机由静止部分和转动部分组成。静止部分叫定子，它包括机壳和磁极，磁极当然是用来产生磁场的；转动部分叫转子，也称电枢。电枢铁芯呈圆柱状，由硅钢片叠压而成，表面冲有槽，槽中放置电枢绕组。换向器是直流电机的构造特征，在示意图7－4中，换向器就是那两个与线圈abed两端a与d相连的弧形导电滑片1和2，这两个弧形导电滑片相互绝缘。随着线圈转动。两个固定不动的电刷A和B，紧压在换向器滑片上，并与外电路相连接。

　　当发电机的电枢被其他机器带动以匀均速逆时针旋转时，线圈abcd作切割磁感线运动。线圈转到图7－4所示位置时，用右手定则可以判断出ab段导体产生的感应电动势方向为b→a；cd段导体产生的感应电动势方向为c→a，则与滑片1接触的电刷A为正极，与滑片2接触的电刷B为负极。当线圈转到中性面（与磁感线相垂直的平面）时，感应电动势从最大值逐渐减小到零。当线圈转过中性面后，ab段导体产生的感应电动势方向由a→b；cd段导体的感应电动势方向由c→d。此时，电刷A改为与换向器的滑片2接触，电刷B与滑片1接触，如图7－5所示。随着线圈在磁场中的不断转动，换向器滑片1和2间的感应电动势是大小和方向都随时间变化的交变电动势，但电刷A与B交替地接触与线圈同时转动的换向器滑片1和2，因此在电刷A<SPAN style="FONT-FAMIL</SoftIntro><SoftIntroEncode>直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机的励磁等所需的直流电源。虽然在需要直流电的地方，也</SoftIntroEncode><special /><DownloadUrl></DownloadUrl><Content>&lt;P&gt;直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机的励磁等所需的直流电源。虽然在需要直流电的地方，也用电力整流元件，把交流电变成直流电，但从使用方便、运行的可靠性及某些工作性能方面来看，交流电整流还不能和直流发电机相比。 
&lt;P class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;　　直流发电机和直流电动机在结构上没有差别。只不过直流发电机是用其他机器带动，使其导体线圈在磁场中转动，不断地切割磁感线，产生感应电动势，把机械能变成电能。直流发电机由静止部分和转动部分组成。静止部分叫定子，它包括机壳和磁极，磁极当然是用来产生磁场的；转动部分叫转子，也称电枢。电枢铁芯呈圆柱状，由硅钢片叠压而成，表面冲有槽，槽中放置电枢绕组。换向器是直流电机的构造特征，在示意图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;4&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;中，换向器就是那两个与线圈&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;abed&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;两端&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;d&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;相连的弧形导电滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，这两个弧形导电滑片相互绝缘。随着线圈转动。两个固定不动的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，紧压在换向器滑片上，并与外电路相连接。&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=MsoNormal align=center&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;&lt;IMG alt="" hspace=0 src="PE.SiteConfig.ApplicationPathPE.SiteConfig.uploaddir/ckzlzx_UploadFiles_2200/2004121183332734.jpg" align=baseline border=0&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;　　当发电机的电枢被其他机器带动以匀均速逆时针旋转时，线圈&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;abcd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;作切割磁感线运动。线圈转到图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;4&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;所示位置时，用右手定则可以判断出&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;ab&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向为&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;b&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;；&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;cd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向为&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;c&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，则与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;为正极，与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;为负极。当线圈转到中性面（与磁感线相垂直的平面）时，感应电动势从最大值逐渐减小到零。当线圈转过中性面后，&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;ab&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向由&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;b&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;；&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;cd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体的感应电动势方向由&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;c&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;d&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;。此时，电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;改为与换向器的滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触，电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触，如图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;5&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;所示。随着线圈在磁场中的不断转动，换向器滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;间的感应电动势是大小和方向都随时间变化的交变电动势，但电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;交替地接触与线圈同时转动的换向器滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，因此在电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMIL</Content><banben></banben><area></area><type></type><type2>不限</type2><ico></ico><video>&lt;P&gt;直流发电机是把机械能转化为直流电能的机器。它主要作为直流电动机、电解、电镀、电冶炼、充电及交流发电机的励磁等所需的直流电源。虽然在需要直流电的地方，也用电力整流元件，把交流电变成直流电，但从使用方便、运行的可靠性及某些工作性能方面来看，交流电整流还不能和直流发电机相比。 
&lt;P class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;　　直流发电机和直流电动机在结构上没有差别。只不过直流发电机是用其他机器带动，使其导体线圈在磁场中转动，不断地切割磁感线，产生感应电动势，把机械能变成电能。直流发电机由静止部分和转动部分组成。静止部分叫定子，它包括机壳和磁极，磁极当然是用来产生磁场的；转动部分叫转子，也称电枢。电枢铁芯呈圆柱状，由硅钢片叠压而成，表面冲有槽，槽中放置电枢绕组。换向器是直流电机的构造特征，在示意图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;4&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;中，换向器就是那两个与线圈&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;abed&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;两端&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;d&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;相连的弧形导电滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，这两个弧形导电滑片相互绝缘。随着线圈转动。两个固定不动的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，紧压在换向器滑片上，并与外电路相连接。&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=MsoNormal align=center&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;&lt;IMG alt="" hspace=0 src="PE.SiteConfig.ApplicationPathPE.SiteConfig.uploaddir/ckzlzx_UploadFiles_2200/2004121183332734.jpg" align=baseline border=0&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;　　当发电机的电枢被其他机器带动以匀均速逆时针旋转时，线圈&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;abcd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;作切割磁感线运动。线圈转到图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;4&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;所示位置时，用右手定则可以判断出&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;ab&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向为&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;b&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;；&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;cd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向为&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;c&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，则与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;为正极，与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触的电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;为负极。当线圈转到中性面（与磁感线相垂直的平面）时，感应电动势从最大值逐渐减小到零。当线圈转过中性面后，&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;ab&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体产生的感应电动势方向由&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;a&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;b&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;；&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;cd&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;段导体的感应电动势方向由&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;c&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;→&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;d&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;。此时，电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;改为与换向器的滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触，电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;接触，如图&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;－&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;5&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;所示。随着线圈在磁场中的不断转动，换向器滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;间的感应电动势是大小和方向都随时间变化的交变电动势，但电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;与&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;B&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;交替地接触与线圈同时转动的换向器滑片&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;和&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"&gt;，因此在电刷&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=EN-US&gt;A&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN style="FONT-FAMIL</video><DefaultPicUrl>
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